Halton,
          
          
          As in your article "Research with Fred", I have been called crazy regarding my theory.
          
http://www.haltonarp.com/articles/research_with_Fred
          
          Over   the past decade, my life has been centered around an equation that uses   the energy of Einstein, the force of Newton,
            and the logic of Socrates   to describe a moment of time. I call this equation the KnoWell.
            
 http://www.lynchphoto.com/avignon
            
            
            http://www.lynchphoto.com/avignon
          
          
          Over   these past ten years, I have searched out real world examples that give   credence to the Knowell,
            and NGC 7603 may hold the needed evidence   within the red shift. 
          
          
          
          The   age of matter could be part of the explanation, but the position of   matter could be more of a factor.
            For example, the position of a distant   star beside a closer massive star results in observed gravitational   lensing.
          
          
          Einstein clearly predicted the lensing behavior with his   calculations, but is the mechanism behind the lensing effect actually   gravity.
          The KnoWell suggests that there is another explanation.
          
          In   the article, "Quantum Flip-Floppers", the duality of the photon is   describe as being both particle and wave at the same time. 
          
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=quantum-delayed-choice
          
          The   left side of the KnoWell equation is matter in a particle state, and   the right side of the KnoWell is pre-matter in a wave state.
          In the   below linked letter to Fay Dowker, I describe a system in which the   pre-matter is in a state of collapse, and matter is in a state of   expansion.
          
http://www.lynchphoto.com/dowker
          
          "On   a cosmic scale this effect can been observed around galaxies in the   form of what   current theories postulate is evidence of Dark Matter.
          As emerging   particles from the central black hole radiate symmetrical emission   lines, chaotic waves are aligned into harmonics.
          As more and more   emerging particle’s radiate lines of symmetry, more and more chaotic   waves stack up on top of each other creating compression zones.
          
          These   compression zones are evident in the star light bending around massive   objects.
          The more massive the object, the more wave energy collapsing in   from outer space.
          Thus the more the star light bends. The   compression of outer space trying to reach inner space, causes gravity   to warp the space time continuum."
          
          Using the KnoWell, NGC 7603 is   exhibiting how outer space is collapsing inward causing the variance in   redshift.
          The companion to NGC 7603 could be in a slightly more distant   position,
          and the collapse of space into NGC 7603 is causing the light   from the companion to be stretched causing the   accelerated red shift.
          
          Many times I have wondered what Fred   Hoyle would have said regarding the KnoWell.
          Would he have called me   crazy, or would he have recognized a solution to the red shift problem   that gave rise to the Big Bang Theory?
          
          As Fred turned and walked   away from you without saying a word, I understand why most people never   respond to me.
          In a way, I take their silence as a compliment.
          
 http://www.lynchphoto.com/disney
          
          http://www.lynchphoto.com/disney
          
          Laters,
          David Noel Lynch